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dc.contributor.authorHu, Min
dc.date.accessioned2019-04-03T15:50:01Z
dc.date.available2019-04-03T15:50:01Z
dc.date.issued2019-04-03T15:50:01Z
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10222/75415
dc.description.abstractThis dissertation contains three essays examining the labour market and health outcomes of vulnerable populations in Canada. The first essay examines the relationship between information-processing skills, educational attainment, and labour market outcomes among Indigenous peoples in Canada, and uses the 2012 Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC). Relative to the non-Indigenous sample, this study finds negative earning differentials, lower information-processing skills, higher unemployment, lower employment and labour market participation among Indigenous peoples. The results show a positive relationship between skills and earnings and there is no evidence of economic discrimination based on the returns to skills which are very similar for both groups. The results also imply the need to consider barriers to education faced by Indigenous peoples. The second essay measures and examines the gender gaps in the health status among Indigenous adults living off-reserve in 2001, 2006 and 2012 with three corresponded Aboriginal People Surveys (APS). It shows that the self-rated general health gap between Indigenous males and females widened from 1.6 to 5.2 percentage point between 2001 and 2012. Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition shows that differences in the observable characteristics between males and females explain more than half of the gender difference in good general health. Specifically, the results indicated that improving socioeconomic status and participation in traditional activities of females to the level of males will effectively reduce the gender health gap among Indigenous peoples in Canada. The third essay investigates the causal detrimental effect of Ramadan fasting during pregnancy on infant birth weight and fraction of male births in Canada. With seven million birth record from 1990-2016 Canadian Vital Statistics Birth Record, and large variation in daylight hours within geographic locations over time, as well as across locations, this study also enables estimations of a large amount variation in Ramadan fasting hours. The results show that babies of Muslim mothers have lower average birth weight and are more likely to be below the low birth threshold. Moreover, once the extreme fasting hours are removed, modest reductions are found in birth weight associated with Ramadan falling on the ninth, seventh or fifth month of pregnancy.en_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectIndigenous peoplesen_US
dc.subjectMétisen_US
dc.subjectInuiten_US
dc.subjectAboriginal Peopleen_US
dc.subjectLabour Outcomesen_US
dc.subjectLiteracy Skillen_US
dc.subjectNumeracy Skillen_US
dc.subjectTechnology Skillen_US
dc.subjectDecompositionen_US
dc.subjectEmploymenten_US
dc.subjectWageen_US
dc.subjectGeneral Healthen_US
dc.subjectHealth Gapen_US
dc.subjectOaxaca-Blinderen_US
dc.subjectSocioeconomic Statusen_US
dc.subjectTraditional Activitiesen_US
dc.subjectAPSen_US
dc.subjectRamadan Fastingen_US
dc.subjectMuslimen_US
dc.subjectBirth Weighten_US
dc.subjectMale Birthsen_US
dc.titleTHREE ESSAYS ON LABOUR AND HEALTH OUTCOMES OF VULNERABLE POPULATIONS IN CANADAen_US
dc.date.defence2019-03-07
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment of Economicsen_US
dc.contributor.degreeDoctor of Philosophyen_US
dc.contributor.external-examinerAna Ferreren_US
dc.contributor.graduate-coordinatorDaniel Rosenblumen_US
dc.contributor.thesis-readerMohammad Hajizadehen_US
dc.contributor.thesis-readerShelley Phippsen_US
dc.contributor.thesis-supervisorCasey Warmanen_US
dc.contributor.ethics-approvalNot Applicableen_US
dc.contributor.manuscriptsYesen_US
dc.contributor.copyright-releaseYesen_US
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