Robust Synthesis of F-BODIPYs

Abstract

F-BODIPYs are widely used in applications that rely upon their highly tunable optical properties. A protocol is established for the high-yielding synthesis of F-BODIPYs involving non-anhydrous reagents and not requiring precautions to exclude moisture. This simple and robust strategy simply requires a second addition of NEt3 and BF3 OEt2, midway through the reaction period. The ratio and amounts of NEt3 and BF3 OEt2 used in each aliquot are critical to success. The protocol can be completed using bench-dry apparatus, without need to achieve and maintain anhydrous conditions or solvents.