Inuit Agency in the Arctic

Abstract

Global warming is shortening the winter in the Canadian Arctic so that non-renewable resources are becoming more accessible, and the Northwest Passage will soon become a viable shipping route, attracting the interest of states. These changes and the effects of warming and pollution have consequences for Inuit. Drawing on constructivist theory, this thesis examines how Inuit in Canada have used the growth of environmental law to protect their culture and rights. Inuit have become effective actors through the process of environmental institutionalism and the authority gained by political engagement. Examples of governance and advocacy bodies show how Inuit have increased their political efficacy and self-determination. By example of the Northwest Passage, this thesis shows that a symbiotic sovereignty relationship exists between Inuit in Canada and the Canadian government, although the colonial relationship prevails. This symbiotic relationship exists because Inuit have gained agency by leveraging the process of environmental institutionalism.