Multi-stakeholder Control Modelling for Distributed Behind-the-Meter Battery Energy Storage Systems

Abstract

To support local electricity distribution companies (LDC) develop technically justified and economically efficient energy management strategies, this thesis evaluates traditional single-stakeholder and novel multi-stakeholder battery energy storage system (BESS) control techniques. An electricity distribution system consisting of three stakeholder categories (residential, commercial, and LDC) was modelled with behind-the-meter energy systems at the residential and commercial facilities. Both systems consist of energy storage, while the residential energy systems also utilize solar photovoltaic (PV) modules. Model architecture and system sizes are maintained while operational strategies and policy scenarios are varied over numerous simulations. Both traditional single-stakeholder and novel multi-stakeholder control strategies were developed to create value by capitalizing on the structure of electricity tariffs. Model simulation results were analyzed to identify the strategy scenarios which provide the greatest value to an individual stakeholder and to all stakeholders combined. It was found that the monetary value obtainable from behind-the-meter BESS at residential and commercial facilities can be increased by as much as 73% and 42% respectively by implementing a coordinated, multi-stakeholder control regime and evaluating performance at a system level.