Sexuality, Intimacy, and Speech-Language Pathology: A survey of clinicians’ knowledge, comfort, attitudes, and practices

Abstract

Communication (speech, language, cognitive) and swallowing disabilities have been shown to have an impact on sexuality and intimacy in a variety of populations. Augmentative-Alternative Communication (AAC) users reported impacts on their sexuality and intimacy as well. Previous research suggests speech-language pathology may have a role in addressing sexuality when it is impacted by communication and swallowing disorders. This thesis aims to investigate the current state of practice of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in Canada regarding addressing sexuality and intimacy, barriers to doing so, and their knowledge, comfort, and attitudes. A survey with a mix of 26 closed-ended and 4 open-ended questions was distributed to 1,149 SLPs; 56 met the inclusion criteria and completed the survey.

The results show SLPs in Canada are addressing sexuality and intimacy to some extent, although most do not have a specific strategy to do so. Barriers to treating sexuality and intimacy appear to primarily be the lack of knowledge and training. In general, SLPs are unsatisfied with their knowledge regarding sexuality and intimacy, particularly around its relationship to disability and the ethics of treating sexuality and intimacy. Other significant barriers include uncertainty with their scope and practice guidelines, as well as discomfort with treating sexuality and intimacy.

These findings are largely consistent with findings of research in other healthcare fields. Solutions may be found in examples from other professions. Future research should further investigate and promote the roles of SLPs in addressing sexuality and intimacy, and continue examining personal and environmental factors, as well as adaptations for youth.