Temporomandibular Joint Outcomes Following Orthognathic Surgery

Abstract

Problem: The effect of orthognathic surgery on temporomandibular joint pain and dysfunction is a controversial topic with inconclusive evidence. Purpose: To determine the effect orthognathic surgery has on TMJ-related pain and function, and identify pre-operative patient risk-factors to predict TMJ outcome. Methods: Data was collected pre-operatively and 6 months post-operatively. Statistical analysis was completed, with a focus on mandibular range of motion and TMJ related pain. Results: 56 patients completed the study. Pre-operative overjet ≥6mm, Class II malocclusion, large mandibular advancement, and completion of a functional genioplasty were associated with a decreased MIO. Self reported frequency of joint pain, clenching, and objective clicking decreased. Self-reported joint noises were significantly decreased. Conclusion: TMJ related pain is likely to remain unchanged following surgery, however patients may notice a decrease in their pain frequency. A decrease in opening requiring further intervention can occur, but is rare. TMJ clicking and parafunctional clenching may decrease.