Evaluating the Intergenerational Effects of Maternal Childhood Threat and Deprivation and the Moderating Impact of Intimate Partner Violence on Infant Birth Outcomes

Abstract

Maternal history of childhood maltreatment (CM) and intimate partner violence (IPV) can affect infant health. Two dimensions of CM, threat (risk to one’s person, agency, or integrity) and deprivation (absence of required stimuli), are linked to differential health outcomes for mothers and infants. We hypothesize that distinct maternal CM experiences will result in unique infant health outcomes, with IPV during pregnancy exacerbating these effects. Mother-infant dyads (N = 98) were recruited from the community. Maternal CM was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, IPV was assessed with The Conflicts Tactics Scale – Short Form, and parents reported infant birth outcomes. Results showed no significant effects of maternal threat or deprivation on infant health outcomes, nor did IPV moderate these associations. Maternal race and delivery method were significantly associated with infant birth outcomes. Reasons behind the null results, including biopsychosocial mechanisms and the impact of CM severity and frequency, are discussed.