Characterizing the Effects of IL-5 on Human Mast Cell Gene Expression and Mediator Production

Abstract

Mast cells are tissue resident immune effector cells involved in host defense, inflammation, and immune regulation. Interleukin 5 (IL-5) is a type 2 cytokine elevated in allergic disease and parasitic infections. We previously observed that IL-5 treatment can enhance interferon production by human mast cells in response to viral infection. Therefore, we explored broader impacts of IL-5 on human mast cell gene expression and mediator production. Transcriptome analysis of IL-5 treated, and control human mast cells revealed modified expression of genes involved in cytokine signaling, apoptosis, and mediator production. Bioinformatic analyses were confirmed by quantitative PCR, with a focus on the IL-6 family cytokines LIF and OSM and SOCS family members. Protein levels of LIF and OSM increased in mast cells upon IL-5 treatment. However, such treatment did not impact mast cell proliferation. IL-5-induced changes in mast cell function could modify their responses in asthma, viral infection, and tumour microenvironment.