WIDE-BAND CHANNEL MODEL FOR UNDERWATER ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATION AND ITS APPLICATION TO KALMAN FILTER BASED CHANNEL ESTIMATOR
Abstract
Underwater acoustics communication system design is a challenging endeavor due to several
technical as well as environmental parameters such as salinity of water, temperature,
frequency and time selectivity of the channel, different sea bed surfaces, Doppler effect
and more. The task of a channel model is to provide a software that determines the channel
behavior without a need for practical deployment.
In this thesis, unlike the already existing narrow-band communication channel models,
a model is designed to take into account variation of the channel impulse response as a
function of communication signal frequency. The proposed model utilizes a conceptually
simple sum-of-sinusoids approach and incorporates frequency-dependency into the model
output and is suitable for modelling multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channels. The
model addresses multi-path fading effect and the effect of Doppler shift dependence on the
signal angles of arrival.
The capabilities of the proposed model are tested by comparing with data observed
during sea-trials. In addition, an OFDM based underwater transmission systems with iterative
data decoding and channel estimation is used on a narrow-band and the proposed
wide-band model. It is demonstrated that auto-regression channel models used to operate
channel estimators need to be adjusted to address frequency dependence showcased by the
wide-band channel model.
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