| dc.contributor.author | Mortula, Md. Maruf. | en_US |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2014-10-21T12:37:32Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2006 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2006 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.other | AAINR20559 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10222/54858 | |
| dc.description | Phosphorus removal for small-scale wastewater applications were investigated using physical chemical methods. Adsorption appeared to be the most viable technical solution for these applications. In particular, adsorption was studied using a value-added adsorbent, alum sludge. Alum sludge, a waste residual generated in water treatment utilities, was used in this research for treatment of phosphorus, in particular orthophosphate. Bench scale experiments were designed to evaluate the effectiveness for phosphorus adsorption and coagulation. Tests were conducted on both deionized water spiked with orthophosphate and wastewater (secondary municipal effluent, effluent from biofiltration process and aquaculture process water) using oven dried alum sludge (ODS). Coagulation experimental results were compared to adsorption process. Adsorption being a surface phenomenon was also studied in oven dried alum sludge using specific surface area, scanning electron micrography, x-ray diffraction, IR and ramans spectroscopy. At the end of these experiments, the residuals generated from treatment of small-scale wastewaters were studied for leachability of aluminum to address issues for environmental management. | en_US |
| dc.description | The ODS was effective in adsorbing orthophosphate, and was comparable to other conventional and emerging adsorbents of orthophosphates. Adsorption kinetic studies investigated the effect of pH, initial phosphorus concentrations (Pi) and particle sizes on the effluent phosphorus concentrations (Pe) in batch adsorption systems and their effect on breakthrough pore volumes in a fixed bed column system. Freundlich adsorption isotherms were mostly effective in describing partitioning between solid and liquid phase. Though an influent pH 5 was found to be the most suitable pH tested, ANOVA test found the effect of pH to be insignificant on Pe and breakthrough pore volumes for high Pi at 95% level of significance. Phosphorus removals were equally effective for both P i tested. However breakthrough pore volumes for high Pi were lower than that of low Pi. Fine particles were found to remove phosphorus better than coarse particles. Alum sludge was also effective in removing phosphorus from small-scale wastewaters, even better than that of deionized water. ODS was more effective for adsorbing orthophosphate than other types of phosphorus. | en_US |
| dc.description | Coagulation process tested for phosphorus removal from small-scale wastewaters was found to be ineffective. Changes in alum sludge concentrations and pH also could not improve the performance. Adsorption appeared to be more effective process than coagulation for small-scale wastewater applications. In terms of operation and maintenance, adsorption also appeared to be appropriate for small-scale applications. | en_US |
| dc.description | Scanning electron micrography indicated the possibility of micropores, supported by high specific surface area (>3000 m2/g). Oven dried alum sludge was amorphous in nature as evidenced from X-ray diffraction experiments. Spectroscopic tests indicated the possibility of OH- ion being replaced by orthophosphate ions (H2PO4-, HPO42- and PO43-). | en_US |
| dc.description | The residuals generated during phosphorus treatment of wastewater were further tested for leachability in land based and surface water based disposal options. Toxicity characteristic leaching procedures (TCLP) tests conducted on these residuals observed a reduction in aluminum and manganese leaching indicating lower risk imposed for land based disposal options than alum sludge disposal. Ecological risk assessment of aluminum toxicity from surface water based disposal of these residuals also found reduced risk imposed on aquatic habitat from these residual disposals. | en_US |
| dc.description | Thesis (Ph.D.)--Dalhousie University (Canada), 2006. | en_US |
| dc.language | eng | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Dalhousie University | en_US |
| dc.publisher | | en_US |
| dc.subject | Engineering, Civil. | en_US |
| dc.title | Phosphorus removal from small-scale wastewater applications using alum sludge. | en_US |
| dc.type | text | en_US |
| dc.contributor.degree | Ph.D. | en_US |
