Critical nutrition education for social change: Toward reducing inequities through participatory research and community organization.
Date
1993
Authors
Travers, Kim Denise Raine.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Dalhousie University
Abstract
Description
Evidence suggests the nutritional inequities may be associated with inequitable opportunities for healthy eating, including structural inequities in access to nutritious food. An institutional ethnography, a qualitative research methodology grounded in critical social science, was undertaken with the following purposes: (1) to explicate the social organization of nutritional inequities among socially/economically disadvantaged women and their families, and (2) to empower research participants to initiate collective action for social change toward a reduction in nutritional inequities. Methods included participant observation of food and nutrition practices in the homes of five socially disadvantaged families and at a community drop-in center in a low-income neighborhood; in-depth individual interviews with family members; and group interviews with an additional 28 participants at the community center. Tape recordings and field observation notes were analyzed thematically, preserving the perspectives of the research participants. The explication began with the examination of the everyday household work of feeding the family which provided an entry point to broader social relations working outside of the households, but evident within them. At the household level, the gendered, "invisible" nature of feeding work became readily apparent. The class context of feeding work became particularly evident upon examination of the practice of procuring food. The apparently simple act of buying groceries was complicated by limited access to inexpensive stores. The families developed innovative strategies to enhance their abilities to procure food within limited means. However, because of inadequacies of subsistence welfare policies, they frequently were sufficiently short of funds to necessitate reliance on charity for food. Analysis of the social policy revealed that public and professional discourses organizing nutritional inequities are informed by individualistic ideology. Yet, individualistic discourses could not provide an adequate understanding of the experiences of the research participants. In sum, the research revealed nutritional inequities as embedded within social constructs such as gender, class, commerce, policy and discourse. The educative nature of the participatory research process empowered study participants to initiate structural change in commercial pricing practices and welfare policies. Through making the analysis available to others, including policy makers, it may be possible to work toward changing the oppressive social organization which perpetuates inequities. The research calls for a reorientation in community educational practice from the dominant individual orientation to a social orientation.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Dalhousie University (Canada), 1993.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Dalhousie University (Canada), 1993.
Keywords
Health Sciences, Nutrition., Sociology, Public and Social Welfare., Education, Health.