Sound the Siren: Exploring the Relationship Between the Occupational Environment and Mental Health and Well-Being of Volunteer Firefighters in Rural Nova Scotia

Abstract

Volunteer firefighters provide critical emergency response services in rural communities across Nova Scotia. They face unique challenges and are at an increased risk for mental health issues. This study’s purpose was to understand the relationship between the occupational environment of volunteer firefighters and how this impacts their mental health and well-being. This study employed a narrative case study framework with the use of photo-elicitation. Nine frontline volunteer firefighters participated in a series of three interviews. Twenty officers participated in focus groups, and one completed an interview. The findings highlighted three narrative case studies: the fire family; firefighter identity; and social media as an occupational stressor. This study provides a deeper understanding of the interconnected factors of the volunteer firefighter occupational environment in rural Nova Scotia, with evidence to support the development of appropriate resources that address the unique needs and occupational realities of the volunteer fire service in Nova Scotia.