Portrait de l'anarchiste dans l'oeuvre littéraire de Ricardo Flores Magón

Abstract

Ricardo Flores Magón (1873-1922) was the instigator of the most radical movement of the Mexican Revolution, "magonismo". He was a militant, a propagandist, a journalist, but also a writer, who authored quite a number of short stories, published in the newspaper he directed, Regeneración, as well as theatrical plays denouncing the shortcomings of society and exposing the main lines of his anarchist ideal. Characters embodying libertarian militants often appear in his literature. They are those through whom revolt happens, be they revolutionary propagandists, armed fighters, workmen, peasants or intellectuals. In which ways are this figure's identity and peculiarities different from its western counterparts? Does it occupy a special role within Flores Magón's literary production, and more widely within his works of propaganda? Finally, how does the author integrate in his literary creations the indispensable force of persuasion that is at the root of these fictions? These are the questions this article attempts to answer.

A de nombreuses reprises, apparaît, dans cette littérature de combat, le personnage du militant libertaire. Tantôt propagateur d'idées révolutionnaires ou combattant armé, ouvrier, paysan ou intellectuel, il est celui par qui la révolte arrivera. Dans quelle mesure cette figure recouvre-t-elle une spécificité et une identité particulières qui la différencie de ses homologues occidentaux ? Occupe-t-elle un rôle particulier au sein de la production littéraire de l'auteur et, plus généralement, dans l'oeuvre de propagande de Ricardo Flores Magón ? Enfin, de quelle façon et comment se traduisent, du point de vue de l'écriture, les exigences de persuasion qui sous-tendent ces récits ? Autant de questions auxquelles nous tenterons de répondre.

Ricardo Flores Magón (1873-1922) fu l'istigatore del movimento più radicale della rivoluzione messicana, il magonismo. Militante politico, propagandista, giornalista, ma anche scrittore, ha firmato numerose novelle pubblicate nel giornale che dirigeva, Regeneración, ma anche opere teatrali destinate a denunciare i problemi sociali e ad esporre le grandi linee dell'ideale anarchico che professava. Ricardo Flores Magón (1873-1922) fu l'istigatore del movimento più radicale della rivoluzione messicana, il magonismo. Militante politico, propagandista, giornalista, ma anche scrittore, ha firmato numerose novelle pubblicate nel giornale che dirigeva, Regeneración, ma anche opere teatrali destinate a denunciare i problemi sociali e ad esporre le grandi linee dell'ideale anarchico che professava.